Statistic & conclution Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Statistic & conclution - Statistics Project Example An explanation for this may be the quality of health care in these states, which in 2007 all ranked among the bottom in a nationwide survey of healthcare quality (Arnst). American Samoa, which has an average of 94.2 out of 100,000, nearly double of the American national average, supports this conclusion to the extent that it lacks much of the modern medical infrastructure belonging to the continental states. Another statistical point of interest with potential policy implications is the data related to suicide rates relative to states. Nationally, the average is 11.3 per 100,000 people; however, in Alaska, the rate is 22.1 (195%), in New Mexico, the rate is 20.4 (180%), in Wyoming, the rate is 19.7 (174%), and in Montana, the rate is 19.4 (171%). Not coincidentally, in 2010, those states ranked 50th (1.2 inhabitants per square mile), 45th (17.0), 49th (5.8) and 48th (6.8) respectively in population density (U.S. Census Bureau). The significance of that correlation is that smaller population density seems to be directly correlated with a higher than average suicide rate. Although all states generally and understandably active try to prevent suicide, these figures seem to suggest that suicide is a more prevalent threat to individuals living in relative isolation from one another in Western states. In contrast to some data in the literature that suggests suicide rates are paired with high rates of population density, such as in work put forward by Saunderson and Langford, it may be the case that low population density is positively correlated with suicide. Saunderson, Thomas R. and Ian H. Langford. "A study of the geographical distribution of suicide rates in England and Wales 1989-92 using empirical bayes estimates." Social Science & Medicine, 43 (1996):

What is the difference between management and leadership Essay

What is the difference between management and leadership - Essay Example Leadership refers to the task of guiding people towards the achievement of some specific goals and objectives. According to Cherry (2010), leaders encourage their followers to utilize their full potential and get new opportunities to learn. They view the need for change as an opportunity for their followers to grow in their professional lives and increase their levels of productivity (Elkington, 2010). They motivate people to use their skills and abilities to get their personal, social, political, or organizational needs and demands fulfilled. The role of leaders in the process of goals achievement is to identify the need of the followers, make them aware of their responsibilities to fulfill those needs, design and give an effective strategy to the followers, and motivate them to continue putting efforts to achieve the goals. On the other hand, managers do things in a programmed manner. They do everything to fulfill organizational needs and hardly focus on the needs of employees. Another difference between leaders and managers is the way they develop policies. Managers always think incrementally and set priorities and goals according to the needs and limitations of the company’s policy. On the other hand, leaders think radically towards bringing change in the current policies and organizational structure. They do everything to meet the interests of their followers. This difference shows that managers always have to follow the policy of their respective organizations in carrying out any job related activity, whereas leaders are independent in doing whatever they want and whichever way they want. They listen to the concerns of their followers and guide them in all phases of all social, political, and organizational movements. They work for collective interests to get things done collectively. Managers monitor and control the activities of their employees. They do so to achieve

Plato and the Cave Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Plato and the Cave - Essay Example Plato and the Cave In the allegory, Plato depicts humans as prisoners chained in their thoughts. When they look at the shadows, they mistake its appearance for reality. They think that what they see on the wall is actually real and could not comprehend the true causes of the shadows. If for example, a shadow looks like a shovel, they would say â€Å"I see a shovel† but then again he is only looking at the shovel. For Plato, the prisoners would be mistakenly taking the terms in their language to refer to the shadows that pass before their eyes, rather than to the real things that cast the shadows. This is the reason why people where represented by prisoners. They are bound to their belief much to the point that they are addicted with as the term shackle would imply. In a word, they keep on believing and interpreting something which is superficial. Plato can therefore be seen as referring to a higher reality. In his allegory, his point was that the general terms of our language are not â€Å"names† of the physical objects per se but are actually names of things that we cannot see, things that we can only grasp with the mind. (Irwin, 1995;    Jackson, 2001; Kochin, 2002; Kraut, 1993) I have no qualms on philosophers as leaders in the community as they are very good in making sense of what is happening. However, I also see concrete action as one essence of a leader which to, my belief, are lacking of philosophers. They may vainly philosophize on a simple issue without actually taking action even when it is urgent.

American Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

American Revolution - Essay Example The British policies caused divisions in the American colonist’s faction since they did not know which step of action to take. The French and the British were the main forces in contention for the American territory and thus, fought a series of wars with the final war being the French and Indian wars or the seven years’ war. It was called the seven years’ war since the French hand garnered support of two Indian tribes, the Huron and the Algonquian, who fought against the British supporting Iroquois. Before this, however, it was assumed that the war would last longer than earlier anticipated and thus, the Albany Congress was organized under the encouragement of Britain. The main agenda for the congress was to keep the Iroquois tribe loyal to the British. This was achieved by keeping the Iroquois tribe at the heart of matters during the congress, discussing issues that affected both them and the British colonists. The Albany plan became unpopular and unaccepted sin ce the colonists had their self-interests at heart and did not want to secede control and power to the provincial congress(Alden, pp. 25-30). What were some of the events or ideas that led to the American war of independence? The main reason for the war of independence was the attempt by British colonists to gain and tighten control of the American economy by regulating American trade and industries in order to suit Britain’s interests. This was enforced in the imposition of taxes on goods and services as well as the movement of people and these goods from one region to another. Also, English trade and navigation acts only allowed transit of goods shipped from America in English ships. Britain, thus, monopolized travel which did not settle well with Indian and British colonists. All of this was aimed at reimbursement of Britain’s money that had been spent during the war. The only reason the British had emerged victorious was that their treasury had outlasted that of the French. This

Create a proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Create a proposal - Essay Example Problem Statement Diabetes is considered epidemic amongst African American women with the rates amongst women 20 years and above recorded to be approximately 12% and 25% amongst women of 55 years and above (Kirk et al, 2007, pp 135-142). Statistics from the National Women’s Health Information Center, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) 2002, shows that diabetes is more prevalent amongst African-American women compared to white women. Because of the high rates of mortality and morbidity recorded in diabetes-related cases, there is need for preventive measures amongst African American women population. Objectives The main objective is to examine examine diabetes epidemic among African-Americans based on the various range of risk as well as structural factors contributing to the prevalence of the disease especially amongst women. The research proposal will cover three stages which include inspection of the available sources to obtain statistics and information on usage figures. Then there will be qualitative research providing in-depth information on the issue in question. Literature Review Patient-provider perceptions and the correlation between random serum glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin are some of the differences in diabetic related cases in African Americans and Whites. This research will show the differences between the perceptions of patients and providers on diabetes related perceptions as well as examine its association if any with self-care behaviors and with special comparisons between African-American and White patients. The research will bring to the fore front the part played by ethnic variation in the correlation between random serum glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin (American Diabetes Association, 2009, pp 13-61). According to Dana et al 2009, the manner in which a person experiences, understands and identifies diabetes is referred to as diabetes perceptions (Dana et al, 2009, p347). Research on patient- provider differences has found congruence with regard to diabetes-related attitudes, beliefs and perceptions. Research also shows that patients and providers generally agree on the core components of effective care of diabetes but have entirely different understandings of diabetes and the priorities for self management (Burns and Grove, 2007). Methodology Qualitative Research The objectives will be answered through the application of detailed qualitative information. The research will focus on exploring and establishing the nature of reactions towards diabetes epidemic among African-Americans based on the various range of risk as well as structural factors. The study will utilize questionnaires and at the same time apply efficient procedures in line with ethical methods for data collection. There will be an eleven item demographic showing participant profile, eight items dealing with health educator profile and questionnaire with thirty-nine items. Variables in the study include; he alth beliefs, knowledge of diabetes, nutrition, physical activity, health education classes, monitoring of glucose, support from social dimensions such as families, and finances involves. Qualitative research provides ways through which the researcher presents his/her point of view on research issues

Health Care Reform and Nursing Profession Term Paper

Health Care Reform and Nursing Profession - Term Paper Example A study conducted by the World Health Organization (1999) revealed that the health care system in United States ranked 37th in overall performance and 72nd in overall level of health among 191 nations reviewed in the study. Again, according to the U.S. Census Bureau (2012), the number of people without health insurance coverage rose from 49.0 million in 2009 to 49.9 million in 2010. A recent study also revealed that more than 44,800 excess deaths occur annually in U.S. due to lack of insurance (Wilper, Woolhandler, Lasser, McCormick, Bor, & Himmelstein, 2009). These were the major driving factors that led to the release of the health care reform act, also called the patient protection and affordable care act or the PPACA. The U.S. Health care reform act extends healthcare coverage to nearly 32 million people by providing subsidies for people who cannot afford insurance on their own, developing consumer-friendly rules clamped on insurers, offering tax breaks and developing marketplace s to shop for insurance plans (Frellick, 2010). This act gives new opportunities to nurses to deliver care and play a vital role in leading change. It challenges nurses to do more to prevent diseases, provide chronic care management especially to the growing geriatric population and offer end-of-life care that focus on comfort and compassion. Following are some of the provisions in the healthcare reform that affect nurses: Reauthorization of Title VIII Nursing Workforce Development Programs The new healthcare reform reauthorized some of the major workforce development grant programs like advanced education nursing, workforce diversity grants, nursing education, practice and retention grants and nursing student and nurse faculty loan programs (Health Resources and Services Administration, n.d.). In 2010, $243 million was allocated towards Nursing Workforce Development Programs (Wood, 2011). These programs have been made available to promote nursing education through loan repayment an d scholarship programs and ensure that there are enough nurses to care for the growing healthcare needs in the future. These grant programs under the Public Health Service Act are the chief source of federal funding for nursing education (Frellick, 2010). Nurse-Managed Health Clinics The passage of the U.S. 2010 Health care reform act has resulted in the authorization of nurse-managed health clinics (NMHCs) which are nurse practice arrangements where advanced practice nurses serve as primary care providers, managers and administrators (Esperat, Hanson-Turton, Richardson, Debisette, & Rupinta, 2012). NMHCs provide health care services ranging from basic health promotion and disease prevention approaches to full service primary care including chronic disease management programs to the underserved populations and is associated with a school, college, university or department of nursing, federally qualified health center or an independent non-profit health or social service agency (Espe rat et al., 2012). These NMHCs provide a ‘safety net’ for medically underserved populations in crucial health care access points in areas where primary care physicians are in short supply (Frellick, 2010). In 2010, the Human Resources and Services Administration released $14.8 million in prevention fund dollars to support grants to 10 NHMCs, but this funding was not renewed in

Motivation in Educational Institutes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Motivation in Educational Institutes - Essay Example And he who is versed in the science of numbers can tell of the regions of weight and measure, but he cannot conduct you thither. For the vision of one man lends not its wings to another man. And even as each one of you stands alone in God's knowledge, so must each one of you be alone in his knowledge of God and in his understanding of the earth. The profesion of teaching has had far more impact on development of a society than most people realise. After parents, the teacher is the most important person in the toddler's life. This interaction forms the foundation for the future life of the child, as to how he or she will contribute to the betterment of the society when he grows up to be an adult. With such an important role to play in lives of the future citizens of a nation, neither parents nor a country can afford to take chances. If a teacher is motivated, he or she can turn around the very lives of the children who come into their contact. This author has personal experiences with some such teachers, who actually turned life upside down in a short period of few years spent with them in a school. However, in today's context, thin budgets, materialistic lifestyles and big fat payscales available for other jobs have made teaching a last resort for most professions. In these circumstances, the teacher cannot be expected to stay motivated enough towards his students, and a good teacher is always an exception than rule. Under these circumstances, the administration has no choice but to evolve ways and means to increase motivation levels of teachers so that they can perform their jobs upto required levels of competencies without compromising the future of the the very students they are entrusted with. AIM This paper aims at bringing out some novel ways of improving motivation levels of teachers in modern educational institutions. BACKGROUND THEORIES Those who educate children well are more to be honored than parents, for these only gave life, those the art of living well. - Aristotle During past few decades, most governments and local schools have enacted some plans to recruit, reward, and retain the best teachers. Merit pay and career ladders were intended to provide financial incentives, varied work, and advancement opportunities for seasoned teachers. These, along with across-the-board pay raises, work environment premiums for difficult assignments, and grants or sabbaticals for research and study, were expected to improve teacher performance and motivation. Things did not move as expected and motivation levels of teachers continue to concern authorities even now. Additional aspects given due consideration were the historical contexts, factors affecting them internally and externally, and how new opportunities are devised for better motivation of teachers. - www.osba.org/lrelatns/teacherq/motivate.htm According to Johnson (1986), motivation aspects of teachers can be improved by three theories: Expectancy theory. Individuals are more likely to strive in their work if there is an anticipated reward that they value, such as a bonus or a promotion, than if there is none. It is true that monetary compensation is still the most important motivator in the present times. Teachers also belong to the same society as any other professional; have same dreams about lifestyles and the life they want to