Jane Eyre vs House of Mirth Lily Essay - 2044 Words

Jane Eyre vs House of Mirth Lily The novels, Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte, and House of Mirth, by Edith Wharton, contain many similarities and differences of which I will discuss in this essay. The focus will be on the main characters of each book, Jane Eyre, and Lily Bart and will include important points and ideas demonstrated in these novels. To begin, Jane, from Charlotte Bronte’s novel, Jane Eyre, was an orphan who was raised by an upper-class family who resented her and did not want her, therefore torturing, abusing, and treating her as someone at a status even lower than the servants. As a child, she knows that her status is awkward and even later on, as a grown woman, she is considered a second class citizen†¦show more content†¦To point out another difference in status between the two characters, Jane Eyre rarely displayed a longing to be part of the higher class, whereas, Lily Bart is intrigued and attracted by it. Another comparison between Lily and Jane can be made regarding beauty. This topic is apparent almost immediately in House of Mirth. In the beginning of the book, it is expressed that, â€Å"One or two persons, in brushing past them, lingered to look; for Miss Bart was a figure to arrest even the suburban traveller rushing to his last train† (p.18). He goes on to wonder that, â€Å"she must have cost a great deal to make, that a great many dull and ugly people must have been sacrificed to produce her† (p.20). These excerpts demonstrate Lily’s external beauty. This notion is made even more obvious in the line, â€Å"the qualities distinguishing her from the herd of her sex were chiefly external†. Lily was beautiful and charming which may have aided her on her way to popularity. Even her name, Lily, implies beauty and can be seen as an emblem of femininity. Jane is very different from Lily concerning the aspect of ‘beauty’. She is not blessed w ith physical beauty and is described as ordinary and plain. However, Jane consists of a certain kind of beauty, perhaps more important. She is internally beautiful and has the advantage of having the beauty of mental intelligence and

The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain - 1231 Words

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel about a young boy and a runaway slave running away from home. Some people consider this novel very controversial because it involves a lot of aspects of the pre-civil war times, where slavery was still legal and the n-word was okay. However the novel uses all this to teach the reader rather than to hurt, and should therefore be allowed to be read in 11th grade classrooms. The novel has some silly characters, and the author, Mark Twain, uses them to make fun of how people acted and how they treated others. The novel also has a lot of historic value, so getting rid of it is like erasing history itself. The story is about friendship, between two different yet very similar people, and how the†¦show more content†¦The King also sells Jim, even though Huck made it clear to not sell him. Jim throughout is not only associated with light often, but is the most humane character in the entire novel, which is ironic because he is treated the least humanely. â€Å"That is, he focuses on a number of commonplaces associated with ‘the Negro’ and than systematically dramatizes their inadequacy. He uses the term ‘nigger’, and he shows Jim engaging in superstitious behavior. Yet he portrays Jim as a compassionate, shrewd, thoughtful, self-sacrificing, and even wise man...†(Smith, 75). The con men are treated with respect until they commit their crimes, but because of Jim’s skin color, he’s instantly treated with disrespect. Twain makes fun of these characters to show how they treated each other, and how one not only can’t instantly give someone trust, but also not to instantly distrust someone either. Next, the story is made to take place in the time period right before the civil war, so everything that came with it is put in. Censoring, for instance, the n-word, would be undermining the book’s intention, which is to make a world for the reader to be immersed in. Not only that, but it would in a way erase history. Just because people don’t like how they treated others in the past with harsh language and racism doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist anymore, and denying it is an act of shame. â€Å"At the end of the novel, when he could have saved himself from discovery, he

Fast Foods And Fast Food - 2128 Words

Fast food is defined as â€Å"easily prepared processed food served in snack bars and restaurants as a quick meal or to be taken away.†. The first fast food restaurant was developed in America, 1948. Fast food is now recognized globally, generating an annual revenue of $570 billion. However, this ever growing market is associated with higher BMI and weight gain. I investigated whether exposure to fast food advertising via television increases fast food consumption, and whether our fast food consumption differs with age. A CATI telephone survey was conducted using 400 participants across the UK, and it was found that the more TV watched at the weekends correlated positively with the amount of fast food purchased. Additionally, it was found that adolescents and young adults consume the highest levels of fast food. Implications of this research include fast food awareness programs targeted at the high risk age groups, and a reduction in televised fast food adverts. A predicted quarter to one third of all TV adverts in the US are related to food. 90% of these are aimed specifically at young children and adolescents, and consist of foods high in fat, sugar or sodium (Powell et al, 2007). It is also identified that â€Å"cultivation research maintains that cumulative exposure to TV influences audiences’ views of and beliefs about the real world†, therefore, the amount of TV watched is likely to affect the way people perceive the consequences of eating fast food. Here, it’s likely toShow MoreRelatedFast Foods And Fast Food1339 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to fast food it is just what it is fast food. On a busy or slightly rough day it’s so easy and typical to grab some food on the go and keep it moving. Are we able to find a solution to fast food and its nutritional value of being healthy rather than unhealthy? Fast food comes in handy and gives you a satisfying taste and is a quick fix to feed your hunger at that moment which leads to no kind of nutritional nourishment for your body. It gives the body what it needs at the momentRead MoreFast Foods : Fast Food Consumption2960 Words   |  12 Pages Fast Food Consumption Alshahrani Abdullatif Fast Food Consumption FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION Introduction The nutriment companies have set up plenty of poor force in present ages, having the duty for groining excess fat prices and alternate fitness trouble additionally as for sending-off great ecological effects like multiplied greenhouse gasses. This features impressed an abundance of individuals to startRead MoreFast Foods And Fast Food1649 Words   |  7 PagesFast food is popular because it s convenient, it s cheap, and it tastes good. But the real cost of eating fast food never appears on the menu, was said by Eric Schlosser. Several people in America have become dependent on fast foods. How many of the people who eat this food actually know what is really in the food or how it was made? Others don t think about it, because within ordering, three minutes later a customer can pull up to the window, pay, and get food. It is quick and cheap. The UnitedRead MoreFast Foods : Fast Food Restaurants834 Words   |  4 PagesFast Foods in America Fast food restaurants have always been extremely successful and are experiencing an increase in popularity in America. The ongoing question all consumers have is which one is the best. Everyone has their opinion on which one they like best, but what about the actual quality and health of the foods served? When one is choosing to eat at one of these restaurants, they may just simply choose one without evaluating things such as food quality, prices, and service experience. TwoRead MoreFast Foods And Fast Food Restaurants1458 Words   |  6 Pagesdo not go a day without eating a fast food meal. There has been a significant rise in obesity rates in America as fast food restaurant establishments are becoming more and more popular. It’s no coincidence that as the fast food industry’s popularity is rising; the obesity rates of Americans are rising as well. The reason for the increase in popularity of fast food restaurants is simply because of convenience. Take McDonaldâ €™s for example: they offer consumers food that can ready to eat within aRead MoreFast Food And The Food Meal Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pages A fast food meal may not be so simple after all considering the ingredients that go into a meal. We aren’t fully aware of what all the ingredients are in our food. We just see either a short or a long list of words that is just scientific jargon to us. We do become more concerned of what we are eating if there is a long endless list of contents. One ingredient that we all know if high fructose corn syrup. There are high amounts of it in our fast food which explains why we can get so addicted toRead MoreFast Food1145 Words   |  5 PagesDraft 3 Fast food Obesity is an epidemic that is sweeping over the United States today. It’s affecting both adults and children. With the increase in fast food availability and a decrease in the time most Americans have to prepare nutritious meals at home, it’s obvious why more people are eating at fast food restaurants. Obesity is a growing problem in the United States and more and more children are being affected. But do uneducated families have the right to put the blame on fast food restaurantsRead MoreFast Food1172 Words   |  5 Pagesfailed to recognize the changing trend in customer’s preferences to better tasting, fresher food. This trend led to new sub markets emerging for tastier, fresher and fast food perceived as healthier. A few of the smaller/privately owned competitors (Cosi and Quizno’s) were able to operate in niche markets selling gourmet sandwiches and salads. The emergence of smaller restaurants offering easy access to exotic foods such as sushi and bu rritos created a more specialized niche market. 2) Size and Growth; Read MoreFast Food1915 Words   |  8 Pages1. Executive Summary This report provides an analysis of the international marketing environment of fast- food industry in US and evaluates the international marketing activities of McDonald’s, which is considered a key player. Firstly, the PEST framework is used to analyse external environmental factors influencing the industry. The Porter’s Five Forces framework is utilised to analyse the competitive rivalry within the industry, and its attractiveness for potential new entrants. Key players andRead MoreHealthy Fast Food1003 Words   |  5 Pagestelevision or radio and not be hit with advertisements introducing the latest fast food trend Ââ€" fresh and healthy food options. More often, the media bombards us with slogans such as Subway s common pitch to eat fresh or McDonald s million-dollar advertisement campaign to try the new fruit and walnut salad. Attention has made an abrupt turn from the greasy, deep-fried originals at the fast food chains to more health conscious food choices. Even a documentary of a man named Morgan Spurlock made headlines

List And Describe At Least Three Technologies That Allow...

The Value of Digital Privacy in an Information Technology Age List and describe at least three technologies that allow an individual to research citizens private data. This is an era of massive violations of privacy rights and individual liberties due to the new technologies of surveillance, data mining, electronic monitoring, biometric chips, spamming, hacking, phishing, and security breaches at major private and public institutions. These new technologies make the protection of privacy rights far more difficult than in the pre-electronic past. Given the nature of the Internet, thousands or even millions of people can view these Twitter and Facebook postings in a very short time, and they can quickly go viral and spread globally almost overnight. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of public access to this information, both for the researchers and those who are being investigated. Derogatory information about the personal life of individuals, including sexual behavior, financial, medical, legal and psychiatric histories, past drug and alcohol abuse, can be posted on the Internet and remain there permanently, available to millions through a simple Google search. It does not even matter if the information is false or from dubious or unknown sources, since the Internet is basically a free-for-all where virtually anything can be posted by anyone. Comments and opinions about controversial subjects like politics and religion, once posted to websites and blogs,Show MoreRelatedQuestions and Answers on Privacy Laws1621 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿List and describe at least three (3) technologies that allow an individual to research citizens private data The internet, cookies, and databases are three technologies which can potentially allow individuals to locate private information. 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It might be possible thatRead MoreFuture Information Security Trends17051 Words   |  69 PagesFuture Information Security Trends Kasi Research Project Tekes Safety and Security Research Program Final Report, March 11, 2011 Olli Pitkà ¤nen, Risto Sarvas, Asko Lehmuskallio, Miska Simanainen, Vesa Kantola Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT / Aalto University Mika Rautila, Arto Juhola, Heikki Pentikà ¤inen VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ossi Kuittinen Sitra Executive Summary This report presents the major findings of the research project Kasi – Future Information SecurityRead MoreMarketing and Internet5330 Words   |  22 Pagesis E-Marketing? E-Marketing is the use of information technology in the processes of creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers, and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. How Does E-Marketing Relate to E-Business? 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Digressions In Venus And Adonis And Hero And Leander Essay Example For Students

Digressions In Venus And Adonis And Hero And Leander Essay Digressions in Venus and Adonis and Hero and LeanderThe poems Venus Adonis and Hero Leander have many similarities. Venus Adonis, written by William Shakespeare (1593), is the story of lovesick Venus and innocent Adonis. Venus attempts to convince Adonis to have intimate relations with her. In the poem Hero Leander, written by Christopher Marlowe (1598), Leander convinces the beautiful Hero to consummate their relationship despite her arguments. Another similarity of the two works is the digressions within the poems. In VA, the digression involves two horses that are overcome by lust and eventually run off to mate in the woods. The digression in Hero Leander is also sexual in nature. It involves Neptune attempting to seduce Leander. The digressions in VA and Hero Leander have parallel references to the work as a whole. The digressions also have similar qualities that indicate the influence of Shakespeare on Marlowe. The digression in Venus Adonis occurs during the first one third of the poem. Shakespeare chooses to have the horses mirror the behavior of Venus and Adonis. The stallion, Adonis horse, mimics the actions of Venus. The stallion is the aggressor in the relationship; it is he who approaches the jennet. He shows off his strength and beauty by prancing and stamping on the ground. After his displays of strength and power the stallion, ?looks upon his love, and neighs unto her? (Shakespeare 41). It is clear that the horse is entreating the jennet to submit to him sexually. When Shakespeare describes the stallion he states that, ?this horse excel a common one? (293). This quote directly relates the horse to Venus. The reader knows that Venus is of uncommon status, she is a god and therefore is immortal. Shakespeare uses this knowledge to link the two characters. Venus is also very aggressive in her relationship with Adonis. Shakespeare humorously describes the way Venus demonstrates her strength in a way similar to the stallion. Venus takes, ?over one arm the lusty coursers rein, Under the other her tender boy? (31-32). Venus is attempting to use strength to get her love, the way the stallion used his strength. Shakespeare is making a reference to how Venus is taking what is customarily the male role. The actions of the jennet in the digression can be compared to the actions of Adonis in the poem. The jennet, when approached by the stallion, ?puts on outward strangeness, seems unkind: spurns his love, and scorns the heat he feels? (310-311). Shakespeare uses similar terms to describe Adonis feelings towards Venus. His feelings are described in the first four lines of the play, ? Hunting he lovd, but love he laughd to scorn? (4). These two lines indicate the direct connection between the stallion and Adonis in the poem. There are several themes in the digression that parallels the poem as a whole. Adonis resistance to Venus is increasing her passion just as the jennet resisting the stallion increases his passion. The stallion after being rejected by the jennet he ?stamps and bites the poor flies in his fume/he was enragd? (316-317). After Venus embraces Adonis, his anger increases his beauty. ?Pure shame and awd resistance made him fret, which bred more beauty in his angry eyes? (69-70). Shakespeare implies to the reader, through the parallelism in the digression, that Adonis will eventually relent to Venus as the jennet relents to the stallion. The digression in the poem Hero ; Leander also parallels poem as a whole. The actions of Neptune in the digression can be equated to the actions of Leader, outside of the digression. Throughout the poem, Leander is entreating Hero to come to his bed. She continually resists his advances stating that she has vowed her chastity to Venus. He proceeds to ?flatter, entreat, promise, protest, and swear? (Marlowe 268) in order to win her love. Similarly during the digression, Neptune fights to win the love of Leander. He follows him through the water and he, ?watchd his arms, and as they opened wide, at every stroke betwixt them would he slide, and steal a kiss, and then run out and dance (183-185). Neptune entreats Leader just as Leander entreats Hero. This comparison gives the reader an indication of what Marlowe may have been planning for the conclusion of the work. In the digression Neptune hurts himself out of love for Leander. It is possible that the poem would have ended in Leander h urting himself for the love of Hero. In the Hero Leander digression, Leanders actions compare to the actions of Hero outside of the digression. Hero attempts to hold on to her chastity, in spite of the fact that she loved Leander. Hero pleads to Venus to help her maintain this chastity in spite of Leander but ?Cupid beats down her prayers with his wings; her vows above the empty air he flings? (369-370). During the digression, Leander pleads to Thetis to help him escape the seduction of Neptune. ?That now should shine on Thetis glassy bower/O! that these tardy arms of mine were wings? (203-205). Hero attempts to reject the advances of Leander just as Leander attempts to reject the advances of Neptune. The digressions in VA and Hero Leander have many similar characteristics. Both digressions are sexual in nature. In VA, the digression describes the courtship of two horses. The digression in Hero Leander describes Neptunes desire for Leander. Both digressions also have a component of anger. In V;A, Adonis so enraged at his horse for his lusty actions that he bans ?his boistrous and unruly beast? (Shakespeare 26). Neptune, in Hero Leander, becomes so enraged at Leanders rejection of him that he almost kills him. ?And in his heart revenging malice bare he flung at him his mace (Marlowe 208-209). .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f , .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .postImageUrl , .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f , .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f:hover , .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f:visited , .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f:active { border:0!important; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f:active , .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueedb1a10096a42a519cd2d502c81b90f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The play Bouncers by John Godber EssayNot only do the two digressions possess many similar characteristics, but also the reader can find many references to V;A in Marlowes Hero Leander. In line 172 of Hero Leander, Neptune ?mounted up, intending to have kissd him.? This is a direct reference to the boar attempting to kiss Adonis in V;A. Another reference to a theme in V;A occurs fourteen lines before the digression in Hero ; Leander: ?But love resisted once, grows more passionate.? In the digression in V;A, the stallion grows more passionate when he is rejected by the jennet, just as Venus grows more passionate when rejected by Adonis. The stallion in V;A can also be dir ectly compared to Neptune in Hero ; Leander. Both are angered at the rejection of their love. The stallion, ?stamps, and bites the poor flies in his fume/ he was enragd? (Shakespeare 316-317). When Neptune is rejected he sends out his mace to kill Leander for his offense. Both were also assuaged by a gentle response from the object of their affection. The actions of the jennet can also be compared to the actions of Leander in the Hero Leander digression. The jennet teases the stallion with her lusty gaze. Similarly, Leander teases Neptune by jumping into the water naked. In addition to this, both Leander and the jennet are moved to kindness by anger and pain. When the stallion becomes angered, the jennet ?grew kinder and his fury was assuagd? (318). Leander also responds with pity after Neptunes rage. This causes the god to believe himself to be beloved by Leander (Marlowe 220). The two gods in these works can also be compared. Both Venus, in VA, and Neptune, in the Hero Leander digression, are lusty and passionate. Both gods are rejected and angered by the object of their affection. In addition to this, both Shakespeare and Marlowe refer to the immortal in their respective works as a murderous creature. In VA, Venus ?murders? Adonis rejection with a kiss (Shakespeare 54). In Hero ; Leander, Neptune almost kills Leander twice, once by accident and once in anger. The similarities and the parallelism between the two works indicate Shakespeares influence on Marlowes writing, particularly the writing of his digressions. The digressions in V;A and Hero ; Leander add a great deal to the story because of their comparative features. If the reader can understand the relationship between the digression and the poem as a whole, the reader can come to a better understanding of the work.. The digressions directly parallel the action in the poem. The two compared digressions have many similar characteristics, these characteristics included similarities in the digressions and references to V;A throughout Hero ; Leander. Works CitedClark, Sandra, ed. Amorous Rites: Elizabethan Erotic Narrative Verse. London:Dent, 1994. Marlowe, Christopher. Hero and Leander. Rpt. in Clark. 3-39. Shakespeare, William. Venus and Adonis. Rpt. in Clark. 31-70. English Essays

Youth Sport Participation free essay sample

Nowadays, there is a contentious issue on youth participation in leisure experiences in relation to sport. This essay will demonstrate disciplinary perspective of psychology to examine the issue in regards to youth sports participation. There are a number of psychological factors that show whether youth may gain benefits from involvement. Sports offer youth opportunities to experience competitiveness and increasing their self-esteem. However, attitudes such as anxiety and stress from strong training or pressure of coaches and parents are concerned to be negative factors of youth sports.Prior to discussing what this disciplinary perspective provides in relation to youth sports, it will first define the issue and provide some background facts With many youth participating in organised sport that is sports played or trained for outside of school, either in school or agency-sponsored programs, it is important to examine the possible benefits of this involvement. The benefits and detriments of youth sport participation have been a topic of debate within the research (Fraser-Thomas, Co? te? and Deakin 2005). We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Sport Participation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sports participation has substantially increased in Australian children over the last years. According to Australian Bureau of Statistics (2006), the higher sport participation rate is a result of increased involvement by both girls and boys. In 2000, 66% of boys and 52% of girls from aged 5 to 14 years over years participated in at least one organised sport, whereas in 2006 this had increased to 69% of boys and 58% of girls participating in at least one organized sport (ABS 2006). Brady (2004) demonstrated that there are some of the social and physiological perspectives of childrens sports experience.It is believed by many that sport allows the development of skills and attitudes necessary in children, applying to their lives beyond the boundaries of sport to other aspects of life (Siegel 2006). However, Martens (as cited in Brady 2004) stated that the sports can be described as double-edged sword which has both tremendously positive effects and negative effects depending on whether the sword is swung in the right direction or swung in the wrong direction. Siegel (2006) claimed youth sports can be developed through well structured sports program with supervisors such as parents and coaches.In addition, the values, education and the skills of the parents decide the direction of the children’s psychological development, being constructive or destructive. (Martens as cited in Brady 2004) A number of psychological factors such as self-esteem, competitivene ss and attitudes will be discussed in the context of sport participation. Psychology is the study of human behaviour, experience, and development of the individual and the psychology of leisure is the study of leisure behaviours and experiences of the individual (Edginton, DeGraaf, Dieser ; Edginton 2005). Some psychologist claimed that the best way to understand people’s behaviour is to search their needs of satisfaction (Lynch ; Veal 2006). Maslow suggested five categories of needs which are physiological, safety, belonging (social), esteem, and self-actualisation (Lynch ; Veal 2006). Sport enhances children’s self-esteem by building confidence in their physical and social skills (Seefeldt ; Ewing 1996). The key to a positive sport experience is for adults to help children understand that the important thing is not about winning the competition but achieving their own realistic, personal goals (Hines ; Groves 1989).In addition, sports competition is an important achievement area for children. When they have obtained their personal goals through competition, they may have motivation to undertake new challenges, to pursue reasonable risks, and to not fear failure (Hines ; Groves 1989). There are other psychological individual attitudes such as anxiety and stress towards s ports activities as those attitudes and perceptions shape individual participation in sports (Strauss, Ekmekcioglu ; Marktl 2002; Warner ; Brown 2002). When a child’s self-esteem is enhanced through sport participation, it increases the likelihood that the child will continue to be involved in sport and will thus attain the other benefits of sport participation (Seefeldt ; Ewing 1996). Goldstein ; Iso-Ahola (2006) stated that enhanced self-esteem from participation provides a child with greater confidence to achieve in other spheres of life. In addition, sport provides an excellent opportunity for children to learn when cooperative and competitive behaviours are appropriate in different situations and to learn how cooperative and competitive they should be (Fraser-Thomas, Co? e? and Deakin 2005). Sport especially helps children when to cooperate within a competitive context, a behavioural skill essential for success in life. However, some children have suffered from the excessive stress in youth sports participation. The problems of overzealous coaches and parents are so prevalent in youth sports that dozens of books and coun tless articles have been written to counteract this undue influence.